In the imaging process of scanning camera, measures must be taken to guarantee the synchronous scanning movement between scanning mechanism and the detector of image plane. If there exists angular deviation or speed deviation between the two mechanisms, it gives rise to the image rotation phenomenon. The image is blurred, causing the decline of image quality. The paper takes the panoramic time delay and integration (TDI) CCD scanning aerial camera as an example, establishes the mathematical model of image surface rotation analysis using coordinate transformation method, analyzes the influences of position and speed synchronization error on imaging quality. The synchronous compensation method based on disturbance observer is presented, which ensures the position and speed synchronization between the two mechanisms, realizes the independent design of speed controller and synchronous controller and facilitates the practical application. Through the laboratory static resolution imaging and external imaging experiments, theoretical analysis results are verified. The experimental results show that the position and speed synchronous errors based on the method are less than 0.0043°, 0.0695°/s, respectively, which meet the requirements of compensation accuracy, in the imaging process the image rotation and distortion have been significantly inhibited and the image quality is greatly improved.