The relationship of bidirectional propagation time deviation of optical fiber link with the temperature, bidirectional time interval, wavelength difference, and fiber length is derived. The influence of temperature on the precision of bidirectional fiber- optic time transfer based on time division multiplexing (TDM) is analyzed theoretically. The results show that the stability of time deviation of bidirectional TDM fiber link is degraded with the increase of the amplitude of temperature change, bidirectional time interval, and fiber length. For typical ambient temperature change, the stability of time deviation of 3000 km TDM fiber link can be less than 1 ps/d when the bidirectional time interval is less than 100 ms. When temperature change and fiber length are same, the stability of time deviation of bidirectional TDM fiber link with a time interval of less than 100 ms is always less than that of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) fiber link with a wavelength spacing of larger than 0.1 nm. Bidirectional TDM time transfer experiments are carried out in laboratory on different lengths of fiber. The results show that the fluctuation of average asymmetry of TDM time transfer system is less than 29 ps when the fiber length is changed from 2 m to 100 km, close to the noise floor of the adopted time interval counter. The measured stabilities of bidirectional TDM time transfer over 100 km fiber link are better than 30 ps/s and 20 ps/d, respectively.