We propose a photonic approach to generate phase-coded signal with tunable frequency multiplication factor based on cascaded Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs). The key component in the system is the cascaded MZMs. We can select the ±k-order (k=1,2,…,5) sidebands by controlling the direct current(DC) bias voltage and modulation index of the two MZMs. We use programmable optical filter to filter the ±k-order (k>5) sidebands, and then combined with the phase modulation, can generate the phase-coded signal with frequency multiplication factors of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. In the proposed system, we can change the amplitude of the RF-driven signal applied to the cascaded MZMs to adjust the frequency multiplication factor by changing the amplitude of the RF driven signal of the cascaded MZMs. The scheme is more compact and flexible. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated through a simulation experiment. The simulation results show that we can generate the phase-coded signals with frequencies of 32 GHz and 40 GHz using a 4 GHz microwave signal source. It means that we achieve the frequency multiplication factors of 8 and 10. Meanwhile, the pulse compression capability of the generated phase-coded signal is also demonstrated to be very well.