In this study, a slot-structured feedback-coupled waveguide microring resonator is proposed to optimize the performance of a microring resonator. Further, the performance parameters of the resonator are considerably improved by the introduction of an additional light field based on the add/drop-type microring and the usage of a slot waveguide. The effect of the improved structure on the phase, free spectral range, and output performance is analyzed using the transfer matrix method, and simulation analysis is performed using the three-dimensional finite difference method software named FDTD. The results denote that the free spectral range of the improved structure increases from 14.5 to 29 nm and that the absolute value of the extinction ratio increases from 21 to 31 dB, which is helpful to improve the measuring range and sensitivity of the corresponding sensor.