The flavor characteristics of cigars are closely related to their origin. Using near-infrared spectroscopy to analyze the similarity of cigar tobacco leaves from different origins provides a basis for zoning and product design for domestic cigar planting. This study analyzed 526 tobacco leaf samples collected in Yunnan, Dominica, Brazil, and Indonesia from 2021 to 2023 using principal component analysis and Fisher’s distance method to determine the similarity of tobacco leaves from different origins. The results showed that Dominican and Brazilian tobacco leaves had high similarity, while Yunnan and Dominican tobacco leaves had some similarity; within the Yunnan region, there was high similarity between Yuxi, Wenshan, and Pu’er, and high similarity between Dehong and Lincang; there was some similarity between Dehong and Dominica, and some similarity between Lincang and Indonesia. The similarity results obtained within large production areas were consistent with sensory evaluations, and more detailed similarity analysis results can provide more detailed technical support for domestic cigar tobacco leaf planting zoning, product design, etc.