The advanced laser techniques for microscope are based on the femtosecond pulse generation mechanism. Several ideas for multi-color and tunable pulse generation are discussed. The compact ultrafast optical fiber lasers are considered as the second generation of femtosecond lasers for microscopy. The third generation techniques such as light propagation control achieved by refractive index distribution in core and clad are promising. The super continuum is generated in 1-m optical fiber by the photonic fiber structure.