To solve the problems of nonlinear system control of the hypersonic morphing vehicle in consideration of the compound disturbances caused by the morphing vehicle, the influence of model uncertainties and unknown outside disturbances, and the “differential expansion” of virtual signals, a robust adaptive dynamic surface control strategy based on back-stepping is proposed.Firstly, the aerodynamic parameters of the morphing vehicle are obtained by curve-fitted approximation, and an accurate longitudinal model is built for the purpose of control design in the hypersonic flight.Secondly, according to the characteristics of the state variables of the aircraft, the speed and height are controlled separately, and the control signals are obtained by using the back-stepping method.The RBF neural network is used to approximate the unknown disturbances, and the parameters are updated in real time to realize the robust adaptive performance.Dynamic surface control is added to solve the problems of derivation and differential expansion of virtual control signals.Finally, Lyapunov function is used to prove that the method can guarantee the semi-global stability of the system, and the simulation results show that the controller has good tracking performance and high robustness.