Using accurate and nondestructive technology to analyze pigments is an important part in the field of conservation of cultural relics. Because of the development of conservation of cultural relics and synthetical application of different disciplines, a lot of spectral methods have been used to analyze colored relics. This paper presented the application, feature, limitation and prospect of commonly used spectral technologies, such as X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, fiber optics reflectance spectroscopy and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in order to get the information about element analysis, component analysis and micromorphology analysis.