Analyze the impact of atmospheric turbulence and atmospheric scintillation on the performance of laser communication, in order to maximize the quality of laser communication. Based on the constructed laser communication channel transmission model under atmospheric turbulence, this paper analyzes the atmospheric scintillation phenomenon caused by the uneven distribution of laser communication beam refractive index caused by atmospheric turbulence, which leads to an increase in laser beam intensity distribution. The atmospheric scintillation index is calculated, and combined with the probability density function of the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio received by the laser communication system, the impact of atmospheric turbulence and atmospheric scintillation on the probability of laser communication interruption is analyzed The impact of average bit error rate and average channel capacity; The experimental results show that reducing transmission distance and zenith angle, increasing receiver aperture and average signal-to-noise ratio can reduce the impact of atmospheric scintillation on laser communication performance during atmospheric turbulence; The atmospheric scintillation index of low order laser beams changes more significantly when facing strong atmospheric turbulence, and the quality of laser communication can be improved by improving the order of laser beams; Moreover, OAM beams can better resist the impact of atmospheric turbulence and scintillation on laser communication performance compared to Gaussian beams.