Aluminum borate whiskers have received widespread attention because of their advantages, such as high melting point, close strength to perfect crystal, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, electrical insulation and relatively cheap prices, which was widely used as a reinforcement in polymer materials, metal materials, ceramics, wave transmitting materials, coatings and other fields. The paper summarized the domestic and foreign research advances in aluminum borate whiskers in terms of properties, applications, synthesis mechanisms, preparation methods, etc., and provided guidance for the further preparation and application of the aluminum borate whiskers.<收稿日期