In this work, Pr³⁺ was introduced into Nd³⁺-doped tellurite glass with composition TeO₂-ZnO-Na₂O-Nb₂O₅ to achieve broadband near-infrared emission. A broadband fluorescence emission ranging from 1 250 nm to 1 530 nm was obtained under the excitation of 808 nm LD, which is contributed by the Pr³⁺:¹D₂ →¹G₄ and Nd³⁺:⁴F_3/2→⁴I_13/2 transitions emitting the fluorescence located at around 1.47 μm and 1.35 μm bands, respectively. The 1.47 μm band fluorescence of Pr³⁺ is attributed to the energy transfer from Nd³⁺ to Pr³⁺ ions and the energy transfer mechanism was further investigated by calculating relevant micro-parameter and phonon contribution ratio. Meanwhile, the studied tellurite glass possesses good thermal stability. The present work indicates that Pr³⁺/Nd³⁺ codoped tellurite glass is an excellent gain medium for potential O+E+S-band broad optical amplifiers.