Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) has been used as a promising element analysis technique with the advantages of in-situ detection and remote monitoring etc. It is a relatively new task to apply LIBS to mosquito coil sample. In order to apply LIBS technique in the field related to environmental monitoring, we use time-resolved LIBS to measure and analyze mosquito coil sample. Eleven kinds of elemental composition of mosquito coil, which are Al, Mn, Mg, Sr, Zn, Ba, Na, Ca, Fe, Si and H, are identified. Based on local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) assumption, the plasma temperature is obtained. The relative concentrations of these elements are estimated by calibration-free method. The experimental result prove that LIBS can be applied to the rapid and effective detection on the harmful elements.