The development of novel semiconductors is the key point of future information industry and electrooptical industry. Exploring the basic physical mechanism of new materials is a necessary requirement for the next-generation optoelectronic devices. Time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy is a more powerful support for studying the transient photo-response of semiconductors than terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology. The principle and characteristics of optical-pumped terahertz probe technology are introduced. And the development trend of ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy in the field of material science will be demonstrated.