In order to provide the accurate initial physical information for numerical simulation of aircraft and missile separation, a missile physical information extraction scheme based on regional Hough transformation was proposed, which used high-speed cameras to extract the positions of marking circle centers on the missile body and tail in the video frame, and calculated the physical information of missile through the coordinate transformation. In frame processing, according to short time interval and negligible change of velocity vector in the frames, a circle search algorithm based on regional Hough transformation was proposed. In view of the fact that the real motion vector is biased rather than uniformly distributed in search window, the search box was fixed shifted. The centering error between predicted region and actual region is less than 5%, the consuming time is reduced by more than 41.6% compared with the traditional algorithm, and the average error between calculated results and actual results does not exceed 2.39%. Also, this algorithm can adapt to the complex backgrounds and meet the timeliness and accuracy requirements of the program.