In order to improve the fabrication results of polishing off-axis aspheric in Computer Controlled Optical Surfacing(CCOS), a novel algorithm named adaptive programming model to generate a polishing tool-path is discussed based on the balance principle of particle system and the thought of averaging power. Considering the factors influencing the polishing results, the power values are composed of three elements including the constants, error distribution and the dwell distance of work-piece edge. The influence coefficients between the power elements are estimated and simply computed. And then, a groups of error data are simulated with actual parameters using the matrix-based algorithm by two different tool-paths. The first one is X-Y uniform spacing model in common use, and the other is adaptive programming model. The contrasted results show that most of error results of the adaptive programming model are much better than that of the common one, especially the rms convergence rate is improved from 0.36 to 0.62. In the end, several questions on the algorithm are discussed and explained briefly,result show that the theory of the algorithm is simple and exercisable, and can satisfy the practical requirement as well.