A new-type color filter has been designed using an all-dielectric ring-nanorod structure. The interaction of incident light with the all-dielectric ring-nanorod array structure is used to activate the Mie resonance, which has high reflection capabilities in the visible light band, allowing for a wide gamut of distinct colors. Using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, we compare the reflectance spectra and color display laws of three filters with other structures (nanorods, nanorings, and silicon ring-nanorods). Simultaneously, the impact of key parameters such as nanorod diameter, ring diameter, height, and period on the reflection spectrum and color characteristics is examined. According to the findings, the developed all-dielectric ring-nanorod structure filter considerably improves the reflection properties of the specific light waveband; the optimum color filter has a visible light reflectivity of more than 70%. The color gamut area of the nanorods can reach 0.115, and the diameter of the nanorods can be modified to achieve wide gamut color filtering properties. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the development of next-generation color filters.