For the low accuracy of image reconstruction in Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT), a image reconstruction method for the ECT was proposed based on the particle filter algorithm. Firstly, the principle of image reconstruction of the ECT was analyzed. Then, the search process of the optimal solution for image reconstruction of the ECT was described as a system state estimation process, and a state space model was established. Furthermore, to obtain the minimum variance estimation of image reconstruction, the image reconstruction result of Linear Back Projection (LBP) algorithm was taken as the initial state, and the optimal weights of random samples obtained from the state space were calculated by the measured information. Finally, the simulation experiments with five different flow regimes were performed. The experiment results show that the average image error of reconstruction results by proposed method is 42.93%, and the average correlation coefficient with the original image is 0.813 9, which is much better than corresponding indicators obtained by LBP algorithm, Landweber iterative algorithm and IMNSNOF algorithm. In conclution,the image reconstruction method with high efficiency and accuracy can provide a new way for ECT research.