FTIR microspectroscopy technique was born in the mid-nineties. The research on this technique has just began abroad, and this technology has not yet been widely recognized in China. It is a rapid, nondestructive testing technology, has the advantages of microdomain, visualization, high precision and high sensitivity. In the present study, the composition, operational principle and working mode of FTIR microspectroscopy were summarized. The progress in application of FTIR microspectroscopy technique was investigated in some fields, including biomedicine, microbiology, forensic science, materials science, nutrition and feed science and agricultural products. The difficulty of FTIR microspectroscopy research and the prospects of this technique were also discussed.