In order to develop a miniaturized anti-irradiation erbium-doped fiber amplifier(EDFA) for satellite laser communication, the failure mechanism of erbium-doped fiber(EDF) in the irradiation environment is introduced, the irradiation performance of different erbium-doped concentrations EDF is studied, and the anti-irradiation performance of different material composite shielding structures is compared. Finally, a high-performance miniaturized anti-irradiation EDFA with a size of 60 mm×60 mm×15 mm, an output power of more than 23 dBm and an output power fluctuation of less than 0.1 dB at 20 krad(SI) irradiation dose is realized.