In order to evaluate the optical camouflage effect of target objectively and precisely, we propose a camouflage effect evaluation model based on digital image inpainting technology. We use optimized image inpainting algorithm to obtain the ideal camouflage texture in the region, which is covered by camouflaged target, and then use the effect value measured by no-reference-image quality assessment to eliminate error. The comprehensive evaluation which combines structure similarity metric with approximate value of ideal camouflage texture is established to evaluate the camouflage effect of target. The simulation results show that the results of the proposed evaluation model are similar to the visual observed results, which can effectively evaluate the camouflage effects of target.