In recent years, carbon dots (CDs) with special optical properties and excellent biocompatibility, have become a popular fluorescent nanomaterial in scientific research. Under the guidance of science education integration, the project combines scientific hot spot with undergraduate experimental teaching. Series of experiments are designed to investigate the effects of experimental conditions, such as reactant ratio, reaction mode, reaction duration, product concentration and pH value on the properties of materials. The results show that CDs with good fluorescence properties can be obtained by controlling the ratio of urea and citric acid at 1∶3. The reaction mode is microwave high fire for 2.5~4 min or muffle furnace reaction at 200 ℃ for 1.0 h. In the comprehensive innovation experiment class, the starch-based CDs fluorescent powder can be obtained, by introducing starch substrate into CDs, which is adaptable for the fingerprint detection in multiple scenes. As a result, the scientific innovation which is divergent thinking of students will be cultivated and enhanced, as well as the sense of participation and social responsibility in the field of social security.