The liquid-solid phase transition time characteristics of temperature rise of aluminum layer metal of CCD detector induced by nanosecond pulse laser were studied from the aspect of theoretical simulation calculation. The temperature rise curve of aluminum layer metal material of CCD detector induced by nanosecond laser was simulated by Fourier heat conduction equation, and the variation rules of the starting time and time length of liquid-solid phase transition of aluminum layer metal material with laser pulse peak power and laser incidence angle were obtained. The theoretical calculation results show that the maximum temperature of the aluminum layer surface of CCD detector gradually increases with the increase of the incident laser pulse peak power, the starting time of the liquid-solid phase transition delays, and the time length increases. The maximum temperature of aluminum layer surface gradually decreases with the increase of the laser incidence angle, the starting time of liquid-solid phase transition moves forward continuously, and the time length becomes shorter. The results show that the laser pulse peak power density and the laser incident angle have important effects on the liquid-solid phase transition time characteristics of CCD detector induced by nanosecond pulsed laser, which has important theoretical significance for revealing the thermal damage mechanism of nanosecond laser induced CCD detector.