This study proposes a method for space optical information encoding communication based on optical bright-ring lattices. Based on an objected-oriented computer-generated holography method, a computer-generated hologram of four simple-mode optical bright-ring lattices is generated and loaded into a reflection-type spatial light modulator (SLM), which modulates the incident light and experimentally reconstructs the aforementioned four simple-mode optical bright-ring lattices. The four optical bright-ring lattice modes correspond to four different quaternary numbers and can be easily identified. By employing the proposed system, a 32 pixel×56 pixel image with a 256 grayscale is encoded and transmitted in space through optical bright-ring lattice mode combination. A charge-coupled device (CCD) at a distance of 2 m from the transmitting terminal is used to capture the optical bright-ring lattice images, which can be easily decoded with no errors in the computer even with partial interference. On this basis, a single optical bright-ring lattice is extended to 2×2 and 4×4 arrays, which can increase the transfer efficiency and system capacity by 4 and 16 times, respectively. Results provide some theoretical and experimental foundations for researches on encoding and communication of optical bright-ring lattices.