According to the service environment characteristics of bridge pier concrete in plateau area, the effect of mineral admixture on concrete performance was investigated. The Box-Behnken Design response surface method (RSM-BBD) was used to design 15 groups of tests, and the effects of fly ash, slag and silica fume content on the strength and freeze-thaw properties of concrete were studied in detail. The response surface model was built with 28 d compressive strength, mass loss rate and relative dynamic elastic modulus of concrete after 200 times freeze-thaw cycles as response values to reveal the correlation between response parameters with target response values, and the optimal ratio of bridge pier concrete under multi-target response values. The results show that, compared with the concrete of reference group, the appropriate mineral admixture is beneficial to improve the strength and enhance the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete at low temperature. The strength and freeze-thaw resistance of concrete are mainly affected by a single factor, among which slag and silica fume can improve the compressive strength, while fly ash and silica fume can enhance the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete. The interaction of various factors has different degrees of influence on the performance of concrete. The interaction between slag and silica fume content has a significant effect on 28 d compressive strength. The interaction between fly ash and silica fume content has a significant effect on mass loss rate. The interaction between fly ash and slag content has a significant effect on relative dynamic elastic modulus. Based on target response values and response optimization, the reasonable ratio of mineral admixtures under the experimental conditions is 20%, 15% and 10% (mass fraction) of fly ash, slag and silica fume, respectively.