Alkali-aluminosilicate glasses with different (Al2O3+P2O5) concentrations were prepared by the melting-quenching method, and their structural characteristics and crystallization behavior were studied by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. It is found that as the concentration of (Al2O3+P2O5) decreases, the concentration of Na2O increases, resulting in the glass transition temperature decreases from 685 ℃ to 622 ℃. When the (Al2O3+P2O5) concentration decreases to 22% (mole fraction), a crystallization peak appears and the onset crystallization temperature gradually decreases. The intensity of the Raman vibration band corresponding to Q4P becomes lower and gradually shifts towards low frequency, indicating that the Na2O as a network modifier gradually depolymerizes the structure of silicate glass and enhances the crystallization ability of the glass. The results show that there is a crystalline transformation after heat treatment when the concentration of (Al2O3+P2O5) is 22% (mole fraction). The main precipitation crystals are NaAlSiO4 nepheline at 700 ℃ for 2 h while it transforms to Na6.8Al6.3Si9.7O32 nepheline crystals at 900 ℃ for 2 h. When the concentration of (Al2O3+P2O5) is 21% and 20% (mole fraction), Na3PO4 and Na6.8Al6.3Si9.7O32 crystals are precipitated after heat treatment. After heat treatment, phosphorus-rich phase and Na3PO4 crystals with poor acid corrosion resistance are precipitated, resulting in poor chemical stability.