On the basis of breaking the coherence of each subprocess in traditional Monte Carlo method in ray tracing, a flexible reverse forward Monte Carlo method is developed to study vector radiative transfer in media. The distribution of atmospheric refractive index is simulated by establishing a one-dimensional gradient refractive index translucent medium model, and the Stokes vector of the medium considering polarization is studied. The results show that the emissivity of different surfaces of graded-index medium is different, and the emissivity of scattering medium when polarization is considered is different from that of scalar method. It is shown that the reverse forward Monte Carlo method can be used to solve the complex problems such as vector radiative transfer.