An intelligent cantilever beam model with uniform and variable thickness is designed with uniaxial glass fiber as matrix material and piezoelectric ceramic plate as the research object. The effects of piezoelectric ceramic plates on the modal frequency, the maximum displacement of the unconstrained end and strain distribution of cantilever beam are analyzed by using a method combining numerical simulation with experiment. The results show that increasing the number of PZT laying can effectively increase the natural frequency of the cantilever beam and reduce the maximum displacement of the free end, but it has no significant effect on the strain distribution. When the voltage is applied, the maximum displacement at the free end of the cantilever beam can be further reduced and the strain value at each monitoring point can also be reduced.