The damage caused by alternating wetting and drying and sulfate corrosion seriously affects the long-term stability of conductive concrete in service. In this study, carbon fiber and graphite were used as conductive phase materials, and fly ash and silica fume were mixed to prepare conductive concrete. The effects of fly ash and silica fume content on mechanical and electrical properties of conductive concrete under alternating wetting and drying and sulfate corrosion were discussed. The degradation index of service performance was defined by integrating the decay of mechanical and electrical properties of conductive concrete. The results show that the addition of fly ash and silica fume can effectively improve the durability and conductivity stability of conductive concrete under alternating wetting and drying and sulfate corrosion. When the total content of fly ash and silica fume is fixed, the high content of fly ash can effectively reduce the strength loss caused by alternating wetting and drying and sulfate corrosion, and improve the conductive stability of conductive concrete.