Herein, a new method for noncontact measurement is presented to quickly digitize vases and other objects with rotary properties. This study develops a cultural-relic digital three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction system, which overcomes the problems of missing inner cavity information and texture distortion in cultural-relic 3D reconstruction. For the inner cavity, the beam direction of the laser range finder is changed by an optical mirror. The point cloud data of the cultural-relic inner cavity is acquired by combining the movement of the turntable and the guide rail. The point cloud data of appearance is obtained by a line laser scanner combined with the turntable motion. High-resolution orthoscopic texture images of the cultural relic at different rotation angle positions are obtained using telecentric lens and a camera to reduce the distortion of the cultural-relic texture. All the extraction pixels are then stitched together to reconstruct a complete appearance texture unfolding. Finally, the method of calibration and compensation for the system measurement error is introduced. Experimental results show that the proposed method can realize the 3D digitization of vases. The overall reconstruction error of the cultural relic is less than 0.5 mm; hence, it can meet the demands of a rapid and safe 3D digitization of cultural relics in the museum site.