Chlortetracycline residues in egg albumen areaccumulated easily in humanbody, resulting in producing harm to human body. According to the research, silver colloids can be used as surface substrate to modify complexes of chlortetracycline and Eu(III), which makes the fluorescence intensity of complexes enhanced significantly. Silver colloids surface- enhanced fluorescence of Eu(III) is applied to detect chlortetracycline residues in egg albumen. Different addition amount of colloid and Eu(III), reaction time and other factors which have influence on fluorescence intensity are analyzed respectively in the research. The best experimental conditions are determined, and the calibration curve under the optimum condition is established between the fluorescence intensity of characteristic peak at 617 nm (Y) and chlortetracycline content (X). The results show that a good linearity is obtained between the fluorescence intensity and chlortetracycline concentration in egg albumen in the range of 1.5~29.5 mg/L. The linear function is Y=5.2265 + 24.033 X, and the determination coefficient is 0.9043. The determination coefficient between the measured values and predicted values is 0.9182. The results show that it is feasible to use silver colloids surface- enhanced fluorescence of Eu(III) to detect chlortetracycline residues in egg albumen rapidly.