With the gradual expansion of the communication network for oil and gas pipeline valve chambers and the increasingcomplexity of carrying business, the existing networking solutions urgently need to be upgraded and updated. Therefore, a communication network scheme for oil and gas pipeline valve chambers based on optical transport network optical service unit（OTNOSU） has been proposed. Firstly, the challenges faced in the networking process of oil and gas pipeline valve chamber communication networks were analyzed, and the current status of networking solutions was summarized. Then, the OTN OSU protocolwas introduced to optimize the optical network architecture for oil and gas pipeline valve chamber communication, and an industrial grade optical transmission customer front-end equipment （CPE） prototype was designed. Finally, conduct on-site environmental testing and verification of the plan. The test results show that the proposed scheme effectively improves network latencyand supports multiple business bearers. The power consumption of the CPE prototype is less than 40 W, which improves networkefficiency.