An extraction algorithm for missile bullet multiple targets is researched.By OSTU method,the numeral image is changed into binary image,and the center position and the target area are extracted separately.At the same time,the target area is marked and the threshold of area is enacted.According to target area,the conglutination and obstruction are judged.Then,in term of the variety of grey histogram of conglutination region in wave peak and wave valley,the targets are separated to obtain the grey average of target,and the middle axes of targets are acquired by adopting Hough transforming and proximating.Finally,the obliquity angles of targets can calculated.In course of matching,searching region of target matching is forecasted by using Kalman filter;the data association of serial images and extraction of missile bullet multiple targets are accomplished by using improved eigenfunction after obtaining center position of target,target area,grey average of target and obliquity angles of target.The experimental results show that the right ratio of extraction target reaches up to 90%,which shows that the article uses a correct mathematical model and a reasonable algorithm.