The assessment of UAV autonomous combat effectiveness is an effective approach to measure the autonomous capability of UAV to complete predetermined mission objectives under specific combat conditions,and it is also the core issue in the demonstration of UAV autonomous combat technology and the development of equipment systems.Starting from the basic issue of UAV combat effectiveness,this paper firstly analyzes the basic concepts of UAV autonomy and autonomous capability as well as autonomous combat capability and autonomous combat effectiveness,and gives the basic process of UAV autonomous combat effectiveness evaluation.Secondly,the research status of unmanned equipment combat effectiveness evaluation index system and evaluation method is summarized from the perspectives of mission and principle respectivelyand the status quo of three types of index system construction and the progress of four types of effectiveness evaluation methods are summarized.Finally,the problems existing in the current evaluation are sorted out,and the development trend of UAV effectiveness evaluation technology is proposed.The relevant research can provide technical reference and direction guidance for the evaluation of UAV autonomous combat effectiveness,which has great military significance.