To realize the FPGA on-orbit reconfiguration function of CCD drive circuit of a spaceborne differential absorption spectrometer, an STM32-based ground verification method for on-board reconfiguration of FPGA is proposed. The actual reconfiguration scheme is analyzed and a ground experiment scheme is proposed, then overall scheme is described from two aspects of hardware design and software design. After the test validation in the laboratory environment, it is found that the data sent and read back by the host computer are consistent, and STM32 can simulate the JTAG protocol to load configuration data to the FPGA with reconfiguration time being shortened to 800 ms. The design of hardware and software has been proved to be reasonable and feasible, and can complete the modification of FPGA functions. It is presumed that the solution can provide a reference for FPGA reconfiguration method of CCD driving circuit.