Using POM02 solar photometer’s measured data in Delingha and Hefei, China, statistical analysis of atmospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) and wavelength exponent was carried out in the two area from 2012 to 2014. Then the relationship was obtained between AOD change and wavelength all year round in Delingha and Hefei respectively. The change characteristics of monthly average aerosol depth was analyzed. The change characteristics was obtained such as wavelength exponent, turbidity coefficient, aerosol optical depth, and other parameters, which are significant in studying the aerosol optical properties in the two area.