A method for controllable fabrication of an anti-fouling and self-cleaning surface with micro/nano lotus-like structures on 6061-T6 aluminum alloy was developed in this paper. The facile and low-cost fabrication process consisted of shot blasting, electrochemical oxidation, and surface modification with fluoroalkylsilane. The micro-pit structure was fabricated by shot blasting the aluminum alloy surface. The nano-coral structure was prepared by electrochemical oxidation. Then, the anti-fouling and self-cleaning surface with micro/nano structures were fabricated after fluorination treatment. Lastly, the surface morphology, contact angle, surface adhesion energy, self-cleaning, and corrosion resistance of the prepared aluminum alloy substrate were analyzed. The results show that the maximum contact angle and minimum rolling angle of the aluminum alloy surface are 153° and 5°, respectively, which have good anti-fouling and self-cleaning properties, after shot blasting and electrochemical oxidation treatment.In addition, the surface hardness increases from 90HV to 392HV. The potentiodynamic polarization curve shows that the surface current density decreases by two to three orders of magnitude compared with that before treatment, and the surface wear resistance and corrosion resistance are improved significantly.