As a multi-source information fusion tool,D-S evidence theory has been widely used in the field of aerial target identification.Firstly,the D-S evidence theory is summarized.Then,the development of D-S evidence theory in the field of aerial target identification is analyzed,and three key issues that need to be addressed in the application are put forward.Then,regarding the above issues,this paper reviews the application status of Basic Probability Assignment （BPA） acquisition methodsevidence conflict measurement methods and evidence fusion methods in this field.Finally,from the perspective of airspace control,the application prospects of D-S evidence theory in the field of aerial target identification are given.The research can provide reference for theoretical development and engineering application in the field of aerial target identification.