An ozone differential absorption lidar (DIAL) was used to carry out observations of the spatial and temporal distribution of summer ozone concentrations in Hangzhou, China, and to study how they are influenced by meteorological elements. The WRF-Chem model was used to simulate the characteristics of the ozone distribution, and for the analysis of meteorological factors. The simulated values for ozone concentration were in good agreement with the observed values obtained using the DIAL. In the summer of 2016, ozone pollution occurred on four occasions in 18 days, with each occasion lasting between two to five days, and with the highest concentration of 550 nL/L detected. There was a highly concentrated ozone layer at an altitude of one to two km, with vertical and horizontal movement having a significant influence on the ozone pollution near the ground. The lowest mean value of ozone concentration near the ground was 75 nL/L, which occurred around 2: 00 am, while the average highest value was 90 nL/L, which occurred at 12: 00 am. The daily ozone concentration near ground level exhibited diurnal variation, a pattern not apparent in the upper air. The DIAL system was reliable for the detection of ozone. Conditions of strong solar radiation, high temperature, and low humidity were seen as being conducive to the formation of ozone, while strong winds and rain had a diffusing effect.