Due to the limited data transmission bandwidth between the Earth and Mars， it is impossible to transmit a large number of high-resolution images back to the ground in real time. The Tianwen-1 high-resolution camera requires the payload itself to have image storage capabilities. Aiming at the huge problem of high-resolution imaging camera imaging data， this paper designs a FPGA based NAND Flash image storage and processing system. First， according to the output requirements of CCD and CMOS image sensors， NAND Flash storage space is divided. Then， in order to solve the problem of high-rate storage， a pipeline storage method was designed. Next， aiming at the problem of newly added bad blocks on orbit， a self-checking method for bad blocks is designed. Finally， in order to solve the problem of tight transmission bandwidth between Earth and Mars， image processing methods such as down-sampling， pixel binning， and region extraction are designed. The test results show that the high-resolution imaging camera storage and processing system receives and stores the image data rate up to 3 Gb/s， and the download data rate can be reduced to about 4% of the original data rate. By using a variety of download working modes， it is possible to obtain rich image data and meet the bottleneck of deep space exploration data transmission.