Two-dimensional transition metal carbon/nitride (MXene) cement-based composites were prepared to study a new type of cement-based material intrinsic sensor. The effects of MXene content, humidity and temperature on resistivity of composites were studied by four-electrode method. The microstructure of composites was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the variation of electrical resistivity of MXene cement-based composites with content of MXene conforms to the percolation theory. The increasing of relative water content and ambient temperature decreases the electrial resistivity of composites, and composites has good temperature-sensitive performance after multiple rising and cooling cycles. SEM results show that the electrical resistivity of MXene cement-based composites is mainly determined by distribution and contact of MXene conductive network.