For optical systems such as fisheye lenses, the object point of the super-large field of view conforms to the imaging law of the plane-symmetric optical system. This paper applies the wave aberration theory of plane symmetry optical system developed by LU to study how to optimize the aspheric imaging system in the optical system of the fisheye lens. First, by calculating the influence of the aspheric coefficients of each optical surface on the wave aberration of the super-large field of view optical system, the several optical surfaces that are mostly affected by the changes in the aspheric coefficients are found. Then ,the aspheric coefficients of these surfaces as variables and the modulation transfer function of the optical system as the evaluation function are used, and the adaptive normalized real-coded genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the fisheye lens optical system. Based on the verification of examples, the method in this paper can effectively determine the position of one or more optimal aspheric surfaces, which has guiding significance for optimizing the fisheye lens system.