The field of view for near Earth asteroids observed by ground-based astronomical telescopes is limited due to backlighting，while observing form a Venus-like orbit or at the Sun-Earth L1 point can provide better visible ranges.In this paper，a proposal is made to use microsatellites positioned at the Sun-Earth L1 point for monitoring near-Earth asteroids.The overall design of the mission microsatellites is described，the transfer orbit design is analyzed in detail，and a payload design scheme is provided.Through missions，several key technologies for deep space microsatellites are verified，including the overall design with large velocity increments using electric propulsion，the low-energy transfer orbit design for deep space，and the high-performance on-orbit processing of astronomical data，thereby exploring a cost-effective approach to deep space exploration.