In order to further improve the energy utilization rate of the system, a fiber optic energy supply system based on intelligent charging control is designed. The system uses a charging control device to stably supply energy to the rear load and flexibly regulate the charging mode of the energy storage module, so as to realize the rapid storage and rational utilization of the remote excess energy, and realize the real-time regulation of the system's working state based on the feedback signal. The experimental results show that the system can automatically adjust the output power of the local laser source according to the remote load and the working state of the device in different scenarios, so as to ensure the safe operation of the energy supply system. When the light energy supply is insufficient, the stored energy can be used as backup energy for emergency energy supply to the sensor or application equipment.