In order to study the effect of composite modification of recycled coarse aggregate with various concentrations of sodium silicate solution and silane solution on the mechanical and deformation properties, as well as the microstructure of recycled concrete, cubic compressive strength tests were used to investigate the effect of composite modification on the mechanical properties of recycled concrete. Meanwhile, the effect of composite modification on the deformation properties of recycled concrete was studied by using the digital image correlation (DIC) method. Additionally, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were utilized to analyze the internal microstructure of the modified recycled concrete. The results show that, the water absorption of recycled coarse aggregate for 24 h decreases the most when it is modified with 5% （mass fraction） of sodium silicate solution and 10% （mass fraction） of silane solution, and the 28 d compressive strength of recycled concrete made from it is significantly improved, which is 35.80% higher than that of unmodified recycled concrete. The composite modification of recycled coarse aggregate with sodium silicate solution and silane solution can effectively reduce the deformation of recycled concrete, and when the stress is high, it can stop the excessive concentration of stress, resulting in improved overall deformation property of recycled concrete. Furthermore, it can improve the surface sparse structure and roughness of recycled coarse aggregate, and strengthen the performance of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between aggregate and mortar, but the improvement in ITZ performance of new and old mortar is not evident.