A set of high resolution microscopic imaging system based on long-distance microscopic objective lens is designed and processed to meet the needs of high resolution imaging of ultracold atoms. The simulation results show that the numerical aperture of the designed high resolution microscopic imaging optical system is 0.55 near 671 nm wavelength, the working distance is up to 14 mm, and the optical transfer function (MTF) curve approaches the theoretical diffraction limit in the field of view of 200 μm×200 μm. The experimental results of the actual point source diffraction show that the resolution of the microscopic imaging objective lens system is better than 1 μm when the pinhole with a diameter of (300±50) nm is used as the point light source, and the aberration introduced by the vacuum window with a thickness of 3.35 mm can be corrected and the resolution of the ultracold quantum gas imaging system can be improved. By precisely controlling the lens spacing in the tube, the high-resolution microscopic imaging system can be applied to other commonly used ultracold atoms, such as Na, K, and Rb, and provide a more intuitive and convenient imaging detection tool for ultracold quantum gas experiments.