Traditional temperature detection system based on Fiber Bragg Grating is suitable for large-scale, real-time multi-point temperature detection field. But its stability of temperature response is poor, shift amount of Bragg grating center wavelength is poor linearity with temperature variation. In order to improve the stability for system and temperature detection accuracy of the system, an improved temperature detection system based on Fiber Bragg Grating was designed. The method of dual fiber parallel acquisition for temperature data was used on the same point, and then center wavelength data was differentially processed. It was realized that the random errors of the system were effectively real-time eliminated in the process temperature. The function relationships of center wavelength shift amount of Fiber Bragg Grating and temperature variation was derived in this mode, and the new structure of the probes for Fiber Bragg Grating was designed. In the experiments, measurement data of Improved temperature detection system based on Fiber Bragg Grating was compared with the data of traditional system. Experimental results show that temperature measurement accuracy of improved system was up to 0.5 ℃, and its accuracy has been improved compared to conventional systems. Meanwhile, the measurement error was significantly better than traditional systems. It proved that the design can improve the stability of temperature detection for the system.