On the basis of heterogeneous nucleation theory of ice crystal particles, three types of ice crystal particle models were established with nucleation-shell structures of ellipsoid, hexagonal flat plate and hexagonal prism. The extinction, absorption and scattering efficiency of these three special cluster-shaped core-shell structures were numerically calculated by discrete dipole approximation (DDA) method. Under the same incident wavelength, the effect of effective size on the extinction efficiency, absorption efficiency and scattering efficiency of core-shell ice crystal particles, the influence of the intermediate uniform mixing layer on the scattering intensity of core-shell ice crystal particles, and the variation of Mueller matrix elements with the scattering angle were calculated. The numerical results show that the extinction coefficient, absorption coefficient and scattering coefficient of ice crystallites with three clusters of ellipsoidal, hexagonal and hexagonal prisms show different trends with the increase of effective size. Under the condition of equal size, the scattering intensity with the change of the scattering angle and particle shape have close relations, and compared with the ellipsoid and hexagonal flat two cluster core-shell structure of ice crystal particles, core-shell structure of ice crystal particles hexagonal prisms forward scattering intensity, the largest scattering intensity curve along with the change of the scattering angle oscillation is more obvious. According to the distribution of the Mueller matrix elements with the scattering angle, it can be seen that the scattering direction of the hexagonal prism cluster ice crystal structure is the most obvious, and the forward scattering intensity is the largest. The Mueller matrix elements of the hexagonal plate and hexagonal prism cluster ice crystal structure are relatively spherical and the deviation of the ellipsoid in the backscattered field area is more obvious. The research results of the thesis provide support for further analysis of the scattering characteristics of complex ice crystal particles, and the research and analysis of the scattering characteristics of various complex geometric clusters of ice crystal particles in high-altitude clouds.