Co-based alloy coatings with and without V-N alloy addition were cladded on the surface of the low carbon steel (SPHC). The microstructure and phases of the coatings were studied with optical microscope (OP), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction instrument (XRD). The microhardness and sliding wear resistance of the coatings were also tested. The results show that γ-Co and Cr23C6 exists in Co-based alloy coatings. Fine microstructure and other phases, such as σ-FeV and VN are obtained with V-N alloy addition. The microhardness is improved and higher at interface than that near the top surface. With the increase of laser scanning speed, the wear resistance of the coatings is improved by adding V-N alloy. The abrasive mechanism of the coating is also analyzed.