In order to realize accurate and fast measurement of the inner raceway surface accuracy of a slide block, a method of tilt measurement based on laser triangulation displacement sensor is proposed. The method is reasoned and verified, and the experiment is carried out by means of high precision round bar. According to the characteristics of measuring system and shape of inner raceway of the slider, the corresponding model is established. Relevant algorithm is used to calculate the radius of inner raceway of the slider, and the error source in the measurement process is calibrated and compensated. Then, on the basis of inner raceway contour algorithm, parallelism and position of the axis of slider internal raceway relative to the base plane are calculated. Finally, verification test of this scheme is introduced and the results are analyzed. The test results show that the measurement accuracy of the standard round bar is 3.75 μm and the standard deviation is less than 2 μm. The test results meet the requirements of measurement accuracy of 5 μm. Moreover, the measurement method does not have pose requirements for reference piece and part to be tested, so it has certain generalization performance.