In this work, a model for the visualization of active laser imaging of underwater targets is established. The model can be used to analyze the effect of equipment parameters, water optical transmission properties, and target reflection characteristics on the active underwater laser imaging system in a direct, comprehensive, and systematic manner and provide a visual reference for further optimization of underwater optical imaging systems. The model employs the Monte Carlo method to track the state changes of photons during the entire underwater imaging process. The scattering of light by random rough surface was simulated using geometrical optics approximation. Furthermore, the random collision principle was used to simulate the process of scattering of light by particles suspended in water. Finally, a two-dimensional image was obtained using the Gauss formula, which enables the visualization of underwater target laser imaging. To verify the simulation results, the actual images obtained in the laboratory's controlled water tank were compared with the simulated images under the same parameters. The results show that the simulation images have the same characteristics and change rules as the actual images. The results show that the model can simulate the process of underwater laser active imaging well, with high accuracy and availability.